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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spfp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Storage and Processing of Farm Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9669</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-767X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/spfp.2023.277</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spfp-277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ, МАШИНЫ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES, MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Информационные системы контроля и управления процессов дегидратации плодово-ягодного сырья</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Information Systems for Control and Management of Processes of Dehydration of Fruit and Berry Raw Materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-1975</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакин</surname><given-names>Игорь Алексеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakin</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры инженерного дизайна</p><p><ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_info.asp?isold=1" ext-link-type="uri">7771-9017</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bakin_ia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-5915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилов</surname><given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">gendir@techwb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4895-7226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафина</surname><given-names>Анна Сабирдзяновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafina</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mustafina_as@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет — МСХА им. К. А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Технологии Без Границ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Technologies without Borders</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кемеровский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>176</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бакин И.А., Шилов С.В., Мустафина А.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бакин И.А., Шилов С.В., Мустафина А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakin I.A., Shilov S.V., Mustafina A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/277">https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/277</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Производственный процесс выработки конечной продукции пищевой промышленности требует соблюдения регламентированных параметров обработки сырья. Контроль определяющих параметров технологии позволяет обеспечить требования качества и безопасности. Повышение эффективности и конкурентоспособности предприятия достигаются внедрением систем управления производством и цифровыми технологиями. Для снижения доли ручного сбора данных и автоматизированного управления технологическим циклом предложено использовать цифровые системы управления и мониторинга оборудования. Принимая во внимание, что качество переработки плодово-ягодного сырья напрямую связано с операциями термической обработки, необходимо обеспечить контроль и управление процессами на этих этапах.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработка концепции и обеспечение автоматизированной системы управления вакуумной дегидратации плодово-ягодного сырья, с реализацией алгоритмов управления в среде SIMATIC PCS7, с использованием программируемых логических контроллеров Siemens Simatic.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объект исследования — система управления и автоматизации для вакуумной дегидратации плодов и ягод, имеющих твердый каркас и капиллярно-пористую структуру, с начальной влажностью до 90 %. В качестве методов исследования и реализации методологии управления информационной системы процессов дегидратации использована среда разработки Simatic WinCC. Исследования проводились на оригинальной конструкции сушильной установки. Определение эффективного коэффициента диффузии влаги и константы скорости сушки реализовывалось численными методами решением модели Аррениуса для неизотермических условий.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результатом анализа стал алгоритм изменения параметров технологического процесса дегидратации. Предложено для ускорения процессов обезвоживания применить пониженное давление в первые периоды сушки и последующий кондуктивный энергоподвод. Определены три цикла управления. Вначале осуществляется кондуктивный нагрев до 60 °С при атмосферном давлении. Далее камера сушилки вакуумируется до давления 0,5 кПа и до 0,2 кПа. Установлена длительность предварительного прогрева для ягодного сырья – до 10 минут, второго цикла сушки — до 15 минут при температуре 35 °С. Продолжительность третьего цикла 20 минут, при температуре точки насыщения 22 °С. Сформулированы задачи управления процессами с использованием программируемых логических контроллеров Siemens Simatic. Описаны каналы управления и параметры регулирования для обеспечения сохранности биоактивных компонентов сырья.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В среде проектирования Simatic WinCC реализованы модули с функциями: прием и передача значений параметров процесса сушки; визуальный контроль; конфигурирование и настройка параметров; принудительное изменение параметров; просмотр информации о регистрируемых в технологической системе событиях. Разработана система визуализации сушильного процесса. Реализованы операторские интерфейсы на панели управления Simatic HMI.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The production process of producing the final products of the food industry requires compliance with the regulated parameters of processing raw materials. The control of the defining parameters of the technology allows us to ensure the requirements of quality and safety. Increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of the enterprise is achieved by the introduction of production management systems and digital technologies. To reduce the share of manual data collection and automated control of the technological cycle, it is proposed to use digital control and monitoring systems of equipment. Taking into account that the quality of processing of fruit and berry raw materials is directly related to heat treatment operations, it is necessary to ensure control and management of processes at these stages.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose.The purpose ofthe study is to develop the concept and provide an automated control system for vacuum dehydration of fruit and berry raw materials,with the implementation of control algorithms in the SIMATIC PCS7 environment, using programmable logic controllers Siemens Simatic.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods.The object of research is a control and automation system for vacuum dehydration of fruits and berries having a solid frame and a capillary–porous structure, with an initial humidity of up to 90 %. The Simatic WinCC development environment was used as methods of research and implementation of the management methodology of the information system of dehydration processes. The research was carried out on the original design of the drying unit. Determination of the effective moisture diffusion coefficient and the drying rate constant was realized by numerical methods by solving the Arrhenius model for non-isothermal conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The result of the analysis was an algorithm for changing the parameters of the dehydration process. It is proposed to use reduced pressure during the first drying periods and subsequent conductive power supply to accelerate the dehydration processes. Three control cycles are defined. Initially, conductive heating is carried out up to 60 °C at atmospheric pressure. Next, the dryer chamber is evacuated to a pressure of 0.5 kPa and up to 0.2 kPa. The duration of preheating for berry raw materials is up to 10 minutes, the second drying cycle is up to 15 minutes at a temperature of 35 °C. The duration of the third cycle is 20 minutes, at a saturation point temperature of 22 °C. The tasks of process control using programmable logic controllers Siemens Simatic are formulated. Control channels and control parameters are described to ensure the safety of bioactive components of raw materials.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. In the Simatic WinCC design environment, modules with functions are implemented: receiving and transmitting the values of the drying process parameters; visual control; configuration and parameter adjustment; forced parameter change; viewing information about events registered in the technological system. A system for visualizing the drying process has been developed. Operator interfaces are implemented on the Simatic HMI control panel. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дегидратация</kwd><kwd>SCADA</kwd><kwd>технологические параметры</kwd><kwd>плодовое сырье</kwd><kwd>средства&#13;
мониторинга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dehydration</kwd><kwd>SCADA</kwd><kwd>technological parameters</kwd><kwd>fruit raw materials</kwd><kwd>monitoring tools</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова, Э. С., Родионов, Ю. В., &amp; Зорина, О. А. (2021). Инновационные конструкции и технологии сушки плодоовощной продукции. Наука в центральной России, (1), 43-53. https://doi.org/10.35887/2305-2538-2021-1-43-53</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bakin, I. A., Mustafina, A. S., Ashcheulov, A. S., Kobzev, YU. N. &amp;Ashcheulova, A. S. 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