spfpХранение и переработка сельхозсырьяStorage and Processing of Farm Products2072-96692658-767XРОСБИОТЕХ10.36107/spfp.2022.366spfp-366Research ArticleБИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫBIOTECHNOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTSМетодологический подход к определению последовательности ферментов для фрагментации полигликанового комплекса растительной тканиMethodological Approach to Determine the Sequence of Enzymes for Plant Tissue Polyglycan Complex Fragmentationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-5644КондратенкоВладимир ВладимировичKondratenkoVladimir V.nauka@vniitek.ruКондратенкоТатьяна ЮрьевнаKondratenkoTatiana Yu.ktatyana-19@mail.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технологии консервирования – филиал ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН, кандидат технических наук, 142703, Россия, Московская область, Ленинский городской округ, г. Видное, ул. Школьная, д. 78Russian Federation20221310202204113127Copyright © Кондратенко В.В., Кондратенко Т.Ю., 20222022Кондратенко В.В., Кондратенко Т.Ю.Kondratenko V.V., Kondratenko T.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/366Введение

Введение. Максимальная ступенчатая ферментативная декомпозиция биополимерного комплекса матрикса клеточных стенок потенциально позволяет получать комплекс компонентов, обладающих ценными физико-химическими свойствами, находящими широкое применение в пищевой промышленности и медицине. Одновременно достигается цель глубокой переработки и максимальной конверсии сырья. Оптимальная форма активных агентов – гомоферментный препарат с максимально узким спектром целевых активностей. Однако в большинстве случаев доже гомоферментные препараты обладают побочными активностями. В результате свойства конечных продуктов, получаемых с использованием данных ферментных препаратов могут отличаться от требуемых.

Цель

Цель. Разработка методологического подхода пассивной инактивации нецелевых активностей ферментных препаратов посредством определения рациональной последовательности их применения.Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования была совокупность данных о спектре и величине целевых активностей комплексных и гомоферментных препаратов, имеющих потенциал использования для выделения полигликанов из матрикса клеточных стенок при последовательной обработке свекловичного жома. В работе использован исключающий итеративный комбинаторный подход, основанный на комплексном анализе целевых характеристик каждого ферментных препаратов с целью выявления критериев, позволяющих однозначно ранжировать варианты при каждой итерации, исключая при этом те, которые не удовлетворяют заданным условиям. Результаты. Совокупность ферментных препаратов рассмотрена как абстрактное множество, целевые и паразитные активности которого сгруппированы в соответствии с компонентным составом матрикса клеточных стенок. На основании этого для всего рассматриваемого пула ферментных препаратов сформирована матрица активностей. В качестве критериев определены количество строк с ненулевым значением в пределах каждой целевой активности и количество столбцов с ненулевым значением в пределах каждого элемента множества ферментных препаратов. На основании анализа численных значений критериев в пределах каждой итерации каждому из них присвоен ранг. Заданы граничные условия. Алгоритм реализации методологического подхода имеет итеративную форму с применением комбинаторных методов. Подход апробирован на комплексе ферментных препаратов для декомпозиции жома сахарной свёклы. Выводы. В результате проведённых исследований были разработаны система критериев, методологический подход и алгоритм определения последовательности применения гомоферментных препаратов для ступенчатого извлечения биологически активных компонентов полигликанового комплекса растительного сырья, основанные на пассивной инактивации нецелевых активностей. Предположительно, разработанные критерии, методологический подход и алгоритм его реализации, универсальны и применимы для анализа комплексов гомоферментных препаратов для их использования с целью глубокой переработки. Разработанный методологический подход является неотъемлемой составляющей дерева принятия решений для разработки технологий промышленного производства растительных полигликанов с гарантированными физико-химическими характеристиками.

Background. Maximum stepwise enzymatic decomposition of cell wall matrix biopolymer complex potentially allows obtaining a complex of components with valuable physicochemical properties which are widely used in food industry and medicine. At the same time, the goal of deep processing and maximum raw material conversion is achieved. Optimal form of active agents is a homoenzyme one with the narrowest possible spectrum of target activities. However, in most casei, even homoenzymes have side effects. As a result, the properties of the final products obtained using these enzymes may differ from those required. Therefore, the development of a methodological approach to passive inactivation of non-target activities of enzymes by determining a rational sequence of their application is relevant. Materials and methods. The object of research was a set of data on the spectrum and magnitude of target activities of enzymes which have potential use for polyglycans obtaining from cell wall matrix during sequential processing of sugar beet pulp. In this research it was used an exclusion iterative combinatorial approach based on a comprehensive analysis of the target characteristics for each enzyme in order to identify criteria that allow for the unambiguous ranking of variants within each iteration, at the same time excluding those ones that do not meet the specified conditions. Results. The pool of enzymes is considered as an abstract set, where target and parasitic activities are grouped according to the component composition within the cell wall matrix. Based on this, an activity matrix was formed for the entire pool of enzymes. The number of rows with a non-zero value within each target activity and the number of columns with a non-zero value within each element of the enzyme set were defined as criteria. Based on the analysis of the numerical values for criteria within the each iteration, a rank is assigned to each one. The boundary conditions were set. The elements of the set that do not satisfy the boundary conditions were discarded. The implementation algorithm of the methodological approach has an iterative form using combinatorial methods. The approach was tested on a complex of enzymes for sugar beet pulp polyglycan matrix decomposition. Conclusions. As a result of this research a system of criteria, methodological approach and algorithm for determining the sequence of homoenzymes application for stepwise obtaining the biologically active components of plant raw material polyglycan complex have been developed. This system was based on passive inactivation of non-target activities. Presumably, the developed criteria, methodological approach and algorithm for its implementation are universal and applicable to the analysis of homoenzyme complexes for its use in deep processing. The developed methodological approach is an integral part of the decision-making tree for development the technologies of industrial production of plant polyglycans with the guaranteed physicochemical characteristics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.