spfpХранение и переработка сельхозсырьяStorage and Processing of Farm Products2072-96692658-767XРОСБИОТЕХ10.36107/spfp.2024.1.551spfp-551Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesФерментативная активность Acinetobacter Radioresistens при культивировании на вторичном растительном сырьеEnzymative Activity of Acinetobacter Radioresistens during Cultivation on Secondary Plant Raw Materialshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-7658БеловаДарья ДмитриевнаBelovaDaria

канд. техн. наук, старший научный сотрудник, 5407-9166

antonina-daria@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-8202ПринцеваАнастасия АндреевнаPrintsevaAnastasia

канд. техн. наук, заведующий лабораторией, 7944-3780

djkr_yfcnz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0088-2704НепомнящийАнатолий ПавловичNepomnyashiyAnatoly

аспирант, младший научный сотрудник, 6746-8684

nepomnyashiy.95@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8767-3720СорокоумовПавел НиколаевичSorokoumovPavel

аспирант, научный сотрудник, 5412-5914

sorokoumov_pavel@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4208-9299ШароваНаталья ЮрьевнаSharovaNatalya

д-p техн. наук, профессор РАН, заместитель директора по научной работе, 1455-0765

natalya_sharova1@mail.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пищевых добавок – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАНРоссияVNIIKP – Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food SystemsRussian Federation2024040520243211730Copyright © Белова Д.Д., Принцева А.А., Непомнящий А.П., Сорокоумов П.Н., Шарова Н.Ю., 20242024Белова Д.Д., Принцева А.А., Непомнящий А.П., Сорокоумов П.Н., Шарова Н.Ю.Belova D., Printseva A., Nepomnyashiy A., Sorokoumov P., Sharova N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/551Введение

Введение: Особое внимание исследователей уделяется снижению объема и переработке пищевых отходов. Богатый химический состав и доступность делают рапсовый жмых и соевый шрот перспективными источниками питательных веществ. Данное вторичное сырье может быть использовано для культивирования микроорганизмов с целью получения ценных биологически активных соединений и продуктов с высокой добавленной стоимостью.

Цель

Цель: Исследовать ферментативную активность бактериального изолята Acinetobacter radioresistens при культивировании на вторичном растительном сырье, а также проанализировать содержание сахаров и жирно-кислотный состав в процессе культивирования.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы: Объектами исследования являлись рапсовый жмых, соевый шрот и бактериальный изолят Acinetobacter radioresistens, выделенный из пшеничных отрубей. Культивирование A. radioresistens на вторичном растительном сырье проводили глубинным способом при гидромодуле 1:9, температуре (28±1) ℃ и частотой вращения платформы шейкера 180 об/мин в течение 6 суток. Отбор проб проводили на 1, 2, 3 и 6 сут культивирования. В образцах растительно-микробной биомассы, состоящих из ферментированных образцов рапсового жмыха или соевого шрота и клеток A. radioresistens, определяли рН (потенциометрическим методом) и профиль жирных кислот (методом газовой хроматографии). Для определения концентрации белка (методом Лоури), протеолитической и фитазной активностей (фотоколориметрическим методом), содержания сахаров и глюкозамина (методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии) использовали супернатант, полученный после центрифугирования растительно-микробной биомассы при скорости вращения ротора 8000 об/мин в течение 20 мин.

Результаты

Результаты: При культивировании A. radioresistens на рапсовом жмыхе в большей степени проявлялась активность щелочных протеаз. Максимальная протеолитическая активность составила (133,71±6,69) ед/см3 на 1 сут культивирования. При культивировании A. radioresistens на соевом шроте преобладала активность нейтральных протеаз. Максимальная протеолитическая активность составила (121,00±6,05) ед/см3 на 3 сут культивирования. Помимо протеолитической активности бактериальный изолят A. radioresistens на соевом шроте проявлял фитазную активность. В отобранных образцах культуральной жидкости содержание глюкозамина и других сахаров было выше при использовании соевого шрота в качестве субстрата. В результате анализа жирно-кислотного состава выявлены жирные кислоты с длиной алкильной цепи от С8 до С24 атомов углерода. 

Выводы

Выводы: Экспериментальные данные, полученные в результате культивирования A. radioresistens на вторичном растительном сырье, могут быть использованы для получения биологически активных соединений и кормовых продуктов для сельскохозяйственных животных, а также представляют интерес для перерабатывающей промышленности при разработке способов высокоэффективной переработки растительных отходов с помощью биотехнологических процессов.

Introduction

Introduction: In recent years, there has been a strong focus on reducing and recycling food waste. The rich chemical composition and availability make rapeseed cake and soybean meal promising sources of nutrients. These secondary raw materials can be used for cultivating microorganisms to obtain valuable biologically active compounds and products with high added value.

Purpose

Purpose: To study the enzymatic activity of the bacterial isolate Acinetobacter radioresistens when cultivated on secondary plant materials, and also to analyze the sugar content and fatty acid composition during the cultivation process.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods: The objects of the study were rapeseed cake, soybean meal and a bacterial isolate of Acinetobacter radioresistens isolated from wheat bran. Cultivation of A. radioresistens on secondary plant materials was carried out by deep method at a hydromodulus of 1:9, temperature (28±1) ℃ and a shaker platform rotation speed of 180 rpm for 6 days. Sampling was carried out on days 1, 2, 3 and 6 of cultivation. In samples of plant-microbial biomass, consisting of fermented samples of rapeseed cake or soybean meal and A. radioresistens cells, the pH (potentiometric method) and fatty acid profile (gas chromatography method) were determined. To determine protein concentration (by the Lowry method), proteolytic and phytase activities (photocolorimetric method), sugar and glucosamine content (by high-performance liquid chromatography), we used the supernatant obtained after centrifugation of plant-microbial biomass at a rotor speed of 8000 rpm for 20 min.

Results

Results: When A. radioresistens was cultivated on rapeseed cake, the activity of alkaline proteases was more pronounced. The maximum proteolytic activity was (133.71±6.69) units/cm3 on day 1 of cultivation. When A. radioresistens was cultivated on soybean meal, the activity of neutral proteases predominated. The maximum proteolytic activity was (121.00±6.05) units/cm3 on the 3rd day of cultivation. In addition to proteolytic activity, the bacterial isolate of A. radioresistens on soybean meal exhibited phytase activity. In the selected culture fluid samples, the content of glucosamine and other sugars was higher when soybean meal was used as a substrate. As a result of the analysis of fatty acid composition, fatty acids with an alkyl chain length from C8 to C24 carbon atoms were identified.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Experimental data obtained from the cultivation of A. radioresistens on secondary plant materials can be used to obtain biologically active compounds and feed products for farm animals, and are also of interest to the processing industry in developing methods for highly efficient processing of plant waste using biotechnological processes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.