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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spfp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Storage and Processing of Farm Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9669</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-767X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/spfp.2024.3.554</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spfp-554</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СВОЙСТВ ВЕЩЕСТВ И ПРОДУКЦИИ АПК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ON TRAITS OF SUBSTANCES AND AGRIBUSINESS PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ скисания молока методами отражательной инфракрасной спектроскопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Analysis of Milk Souring by Reflective Infrared Spectroscopy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляков</surname><given-names>Михаил Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakov</surname><given-names>Mikhail V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bmw20100@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беляков М.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беляков М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belyakov M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/554">https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/554</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Для повышения эффективности и конкурентоспособности молочнохозяйственной отрасли важным является контроль качества молочной продукции. Инфракрасная спектроскопия демонстрирует значительный потенциал для ее применения при измерении состава, обнаружении фальсификаций, контроля при технологических процессах. Вместе с тем, отсутствуют сведения о применение ИК-методов для анализа скисания молока при хранении и переработке.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучение оптических свойств в инфракрасном спектре молока при скисании для обоснования выбора спектрального диапазона и наиболее информативных параметров контроля в процессе хранения и переработки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Для спектральных измерений использовалось питьевое пастеризованное молоко с массовой долей жира 4,01%, белка 3,37%, лактозы 4,94%. Производили измерения спектральных характеристик отражения и поглощения α(λ) в диапазонах 400-2500 нм и 2,5-18,0 мкм по общепринятой методике. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: В ближней ИК-области имеются максимумы поглощения на длинах волн примерно 980 нм, 1200 нм, 1455 нм, 1930 нм. Интегральные коэффициенты поглощения, рассчитанные как во всем спектре, так и в областях максимумов незначительно (менее 10%) и несистемно меняются при увеличении кислотности в 6 раз в процессе скисания. Статистические параметры также меняются незначительно и несистемно. Все спектральные кривые имеют выраженную левостороннюю асимметрию и умеренную плосковершинность. В спектре средневолнового поглощения имеется единственный максимум примерно на 9400 нм в области 8000-12500 нм. Зависимость коэффициента поглощения от кислотности в области 8000-12500 нм являются возрастающей и может быть статистически достоверно аппроксимирована. Статистические параметры при изменении кислотности в среднем ИК диапазоне меняются несистемно. Все спектры имеют правостороннюю асимметрию и выраженную плосковершинность.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Контроль кислотности молока в процессе хранения и переработки при скисании наиболее целесообразно осуществлять по поглощению в среднем ИК диапазоне, причем наиболее информативная область спектра 8-12,5 мкм. Статистические параметры спектров поглощения молока как в ближнем, так и в среднем инфракрасном диапазоне меняются несистемно и, зачастую, незначительно. Все спектры являются плосковершинными, в ближнем ИК диапазоне они имеют левостороннюю, а в средней ИК области – правостороннюю асимметрию. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: To improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the dairy industry, it is important to control the quality of dairy products. Infrared spectroscopy demonstrates significant potential for its application in composition measurement, detection of falsifications, and control in technological processes. At the same time, there is no information on the use of IR methods for the analysis of milk souring during storage and processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: The study of optical properties in the infrared spectrum of milk during souring to justify the choice of the spectral range and the most informative control parameters during storage and processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: For measurements, drinking pasteurized milk with a mass fraction of 4.01% fat, 3.37% protein, and 4.94% lactose was taken. The spectral characteristics of reflection and absorption α(λ) were measured in the ranges of 400-2500 nm and 2.5-18.0 microns according to a generally accepted method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: In the near-infrared region, there are absorption maxima at wavelengths of approximately 980 nm, 1200 nm, 1455 nm, and 1930 nm. The integral absorption coefficients calculated both in the entire spectrum and in the maximum regions vary slightly (less than 10%) and non-systematically with an increase in acidity by 6 times during the souring process. Statistical parameters also change slightly and non-systematically. All spectral curves have pronounced left-sided asymmetry and moderate flatness. In the medium-wave absorption spectrum, there is a single maximum at about 9400 nm in the 8000-12500 nm region. The dependence of the absorption coefficient on acidity in the range of 8000-12500 nm is increasing and can be statistically reliably approximated. Statistical parameters do not change systematically with changes in acidity in the mid-IR range. All spectra have right-sided asymmetry and pronounced flatness.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: It is most advisable to control the acidity of milk during storage and processing during souring by absorption in the middle IR range, and the most informative spectral region is 8-12.5 microns. The statistical parameters of the absorption spectra of milk in both the near and middle infrared ranges vary non-systematically and, often, insignificantly. All spectra are flat–topped, in the near-IR range they have left-sided, and in the middle IR region they have right-sided asymmetry.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молоко</kwd><kwd>кислотность</kwd><kwd>спектр отражения молока</kwd><kwd>спектр поглощения молока</kwd><kwd>ближний инфракрасный диапазон</kwd><kwd>средний инфракрасный диапазон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>acidity</kwd><kwd>milk reflection spectrum</kwd><kwd>milk absorption spectrum</kwd><kwd>near infrared</kwd><kwd>mid infrared</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беляков, М. В., &amp; Никитин Е.А. (2023). Спектральные люминесцентные характеристики молока и молочных продуктов. Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья, (2), 90-102. https://doi.org/10.36107/spfp.2023.412</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beljakov, M. 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