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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spfp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Storage and Processing of Farm Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9669</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-767X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/spfp.2024.1.559</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spfp-559</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы оценки микробиологических показателей сырого молока с применением химических газовых сенсоров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of Microbiological Indicators of Raw Milk Using Chemical Gas Sensors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8160-9464</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуба</surname><given-names>Анастасия Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuba</surname><given-names>Anastasiya</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры физической и аналитической химии, кандидат химических наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shuba1nastya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2852-5816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhina</surname><given-names>Ekatherina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер-химик Центра коллективного пользования "Контроль и управление энергоэффективных проектов", кандидат технических наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katya_anoh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5113-6096</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умарханов</surname><given-names>Руслан Умарханович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umarkhanov</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры физической и аналитической химии, кандидат химических наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rus_270487@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5053-2273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры технологии продуктов животного происхождения, доктор технических наук</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ek-v-b@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5881-0845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буракова</surname><given-names>Инна Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burakova</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории метагеномики и пищевых биотехнологий</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vitkalovai@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>131</fpage><lpage>143</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шуба А.А., Анохина Е.П., Умарханов Р.У., Богданова Е.В., Буракова И.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шуба А.А., Анохина Е.П., Умарханов Р.У., Богданова Е.В., Буракова И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shuba A., Anokhina E., Umarkhanov R., Bogdanova E., Burakova I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/559">https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/559</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Молоко представляет собой сложную смесь жиров, белков, углеводов, витаминов и минеральных веществ в доступной форме, благодаря чему в нем могут быстро развиваться как нативные, так и посторонние микроорганизмы. Поэтому разработка быстрых способов оценки микробиологических показателей молока и молочных продуктов является важной задачей.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: сравнительная оценка микробиологических и физико-химических показателей сырого молока с результатами анализа его газовой фазы с применением массива химических газовых сенсоров для разработки экспрессного способа определения безопасности молока. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Эксперимент проводили с образцами сырого молока, полученного в нескольких хозяйствах от коров различных пород. Определяли стандартные физико-химические показатели по ГОСТ (содержание жира, белка, сухих веществ, титруемую кислотность) и микробиологические показатели (КМАФАнМ, содержание дрожжей и плесени) методом посева на питательные среды, а также идентификацию выросших на них микроорганизмов с помощью секвенирования по Сэнгеру с биоинформатическим анализом. Проводили анализ газовой фазы проб молока с помощью пьезокварцевых сенсоров с композитными покрытиями в статическом режиме сорбции с обработкой сигналов методом главных компонент. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Определены физико-химические и микробиологические показатели проб сырого молока, а также идентифицированы микроорганизмы и фаза микрофлоры молока из каждого хозяйства. По результатам предварительного тестирования сенсоров в парах летучих соединений установлено, что они характеризуются высокой чувствительностью и различной селективностью к веществам, выделяемым посторонней микрофлорой проб сырого молока. Проведено сопоставление сигналов сенсоров и определенных показателей. Показано, что по форме «визуальных отпечатков» пробы различаются, что соответствует изменениям физико-химических и микробиологических показателей образцов молока. </p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Оценка взаимосвязи результатов анализа газовой фазы проб молока и микробиологических показателей методом главных компонент позволила установить, что с помощью массива химических сенсоров возможно разделение проб молока с различным уровнем бактериальной обсемененности. Это позволяет сократить продолжительность микробиологического анализа посредством замены рутинных методов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Milk is a complex mixture of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in an accessible form, due to which both native and pathogen microorganisms can rapidly grow in it. Therefore, the development of rapid methods for assessing the microbiological parameters of milk and dairy products is an important task.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: comparative evaluation of microbiological and physicochemical indicators of raw milk with the results of gas phase analysis over it using an array of chemical gas sensors to develop an express method for determination of its safety.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out with samples of raw milk obtained in several farms from cows of various breeds. Standard physicochemical indicators were determined according to GOST (fat, protein, dry solids amount, titratable acidity) and microbiological indicators (QMAFAnM, yeast and mold concentration) by inoculation on nutrient media, as well as identification of microorganisms grown on them using Sanger sequencing with bioinformatics analysis. The gas phase of milk samples was analyzed using piezoelectric quartz sensors with composite coatings in a static sorption mode with signal processing by the principal component analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of raw milk samples were determined, and microorganisms and the microflora phase of milk from each farm were identified. Based on the results of preliminary testing of the sensors in vapors of volatile compounds, it was established that they are characterized by high sensitivity and varying selectivity to substances emitted by microflora of raw milk samples. A comparison of sensor signals and standard indicators was carried out. It is shown that the samples differ in the shape of their “visual prints,” which corresponds to changes in the physicochemical and microbiological indicators of milk samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: An assessment of the relationship between the results of the gas phase analysis of milk samples and their microbiological indicators using the principal component analysis allowed to establish that using an array of chemical sensors it is possible to separate milk samples with different levels of bacterial contamination. It reduces microbiological analysis time by replacing routine methods.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиология сырого молока</kwd><kwd>метаболиты микроорганизмов</kwd><kwd>химические сенсоры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiology of raw milk</kwd><kwd>microorganisms’ metabolites</kwd><kwd>chemical sensors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств гранта РНФ № 22-76-10048 на тему «Разработка поликомпозитных пьезонановесов для технологий мониторинга микробиологической безопасности молока и молочных продуктов» (соглашение от 28.07.2022 г.) в рамках программы «Проведение исследований научными группами под руководством молодых ученых» Президентской программы исследовательских проектов, реализуемых ведущими учеными, в том числе молодыми учеными.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарев, А. 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