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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spfp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Storage and Processing of Farm Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9669</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-767X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/spfp.2025.2.640</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spfp-640</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СВОЙСТВ ВЕЩЕСТВ И ПРОДУКЦИИ АПК</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ON TRAITS OF SUBSTANCES AND AGRIBUSINESS PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика сохранности свежего перца в условиях, имитирующих холодильную цепь</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dynamics of Fresh Pepper Preservation Under Conditions Simulating the Cold Chain</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-9483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>Владимир Владиславович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the Refrigeration Technologies and Regulatory Documentation Development Sector, Department of Refrigeration and Technological Systems.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.nikitin@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7898-5124</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сучков</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suchkov</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher of the Refrigeration Technologies and Regulatory Documentation Development Sector, Department of Refrigeration and Technological Systems.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.suchkov@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт холодильной промышленности - филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry – Branch of V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитин В.В., Сучков А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитин В.В., Сучков А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitin V.V., Suchkov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/640">https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/640</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Сохранение качества скоропортящихся овощей, таких как сладкий перец (Capsicum annuum L.), на всех этапах холодильной цепи представляет собой актуальную задачу в условиях расширяющейся продовольственной логистики. Несмотря на наличие нормативных требований к температурным режимам хранения, на практике сохраняется высокая доля товарных потерь, обусловленных кратковременными температурными отклонениями, возникающими при транспортировке, выгрузке и реализации продукции. В то время как многочисленные исследования изучают влияние стабильных температурных условий на сохранность овощей, остается недостаточно эмпирических данных о кумулятивном воздействии реальных, последовательных температурных колебаний, характерных для всей логистической цепи: от распределительного центра до прилавка. Особенно недооценен вклад типа упаковки как модератора температурного стресса в этих условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Экспериментальное выявление критических звеньев холодильной цепи, оказывающих наибольшее влияние на сохранность сладкого перца. Особое внимание уделяется взаимодействию факторов: характера температурного профиля (постоянного/переменного) и типа упаковки (открытая/закрытая). </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Смоделированы различные режимы, включающие в себя имитацию нахождения продукции на распределительном центре, процесса транспортирования до точки реализации и хранения при реализации. Для двух из режимов была обеспечена постоянная температура на протяжении всего срока хранения, заявленная производителем – от 7 до 9 °С. Для трех режимов смоделированы условия хранения с различными колебаниями температуры, обусловленными реальной цепью поставок: повышение температуры при отгрузке и разгрузке до 11 °С, при транспортировании – до 14 °С, при реализации в магазине – до 24 °С. Продолжительность хранения перца в различных температурных режимах составляла от 4 до 11 суток. Оценку качества перца проводили по утвержденным паспортам качества товаров и нормативной документации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Установлено, что кратковременное повышение температуры во время хранения и транспортирования оказывает существенное влияние на качественные характеристики сладкого перца. Наибольшее снижение показателей качества было зафиксировано у образцов, которые находились в открытой упаковке. Применение упаковочных материалов способствовало незначительному замедлению процесса порчи продукта. Несмотря на это, ни одна из исследованных партий не соответствовала нормативным требованиям по качеству после заявленного производителем срока хранения, что подчеркивает важность обеспечения контроля температурных параметров на всех этапах холодильной цепи, включая транспортирование до распределительного центра и хранения на нем.</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод: Исследование показало, что даже непродолжительные температурные отклонения при реальной логистике существенно снижают товарное качество перца, независимо от использования упаковки. Для сохранения пищевой ценности необходим пересмотр существующих логистических протоколов с внедрением систем мониторинга температуры и оптимизацией интервалов хранения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Maintaining the quality of perishable vegetables, such as sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), throughout all stages of the cold chain is a pressing challenge in the context of expanding food logistics. Despite the existence of regulatory standards for storage temperature, a significant proportion of postharvest losses persists in practice, primarily due to short-term temperature deviations occurring during transportation, unloading, and retail. While numerous studies have examined the effects of stable temperature conditions on vegetable preservation, empirical data remain limited regarding the cumulative impact of real, sequential temperature fluctuations that occur across the entire supply chain—from distribution center to retail shelf. The moderating role of packaging type under these conditions has been particularly underexplored.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: To experimentally identify the critical points in the cold chain that exert the most significant influence on the preservation of sweet pepper. Particular attention is given to the interaction between two key factors: the nature of the temperature profile (constant vs. fluctuating) and the type of packaging (open vs. closed).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: Several storage regimes were simulated to reflect real-life conditions, including product storage at a distribution center, transportation to the retail location, and shelf storage. Two of the regimes maintained a constant temperature (7–9 °C), as recommended by the producer. The remaining three included variable temperatures typical of actual cold-chain conditions: temperature rises to 11 °C during loading and unloading, up to 14 °C during transportation, and up to 24 °C during retail display. The duration of storage under these regimes ranged from 4 to 11 days. Pepper quality was assessed using approved quality passports and relevant regulatory documentation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Short-term temperature increases during storage and transportation were found to have a significant impact on the quality characteristics of sweet pepper. The greatest deterioration was observed in samples stored in open packaging. The use of packaging materials slowed down spoilage to a limited extent. Nevertheless, none of the tested samples met the required quality standards after the producer’s stated shelf-life, underscoring the importance of strict temperature control throughout all stages of the cold chain, including transport to and storage at distribution centers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The study demonstrates that even short-term temperature deviations in real-world logistics significantly degrade the market quality of sweet pepper, regardless of packaging type. To ensure the retention of nutritional and commercial value, existing cold-chain protocols should be revised, with the implementation of real-time temperature monitoring systems and the optimization of storage intervals.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сладкий перец</kwd><kwd>холодильная цепь</kwd><kwd>сохранность перца</kwd><kwd>имитация температурных условий</kwd><kwd>хранение перца</kwd><kwd>транспортирование перца</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sweet pepper</kwd><kwd>cold chain</kwd><kwd>pepper preservation</kwd><kwd>simulation of temperature conditions</kwd><kwd>pepper storage</kwd><kwd>pepper transportation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по государственному заданию ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article was prepared within the framework of research carried out under the state assignment of the Federal Research Center for Food Systems named after V.M. Gorbatov, Russian Academy of Sciences.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кукушкина, Д. О., Журавлева, Д. А., &amp; Коваль, Е. В. (2023). Оценка влияния отрицательных температур на накопление веществ с антиоксидантной активностью в землянике. Материалы международной научной конференции студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых «Перспектива – 2023», Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет им. Х.М. Бербекова, (2), 658–663.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tutova T.N., Nesmelova L.A. Analysis of world production of vegetable crops. 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