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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spfp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хранение и переработка сельхозсырья</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Storage and Processing of Farm Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9669</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-767X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/spfp.2026.1.676</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spfp-676</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ И ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ СЕЛЬХОЗПРОДУКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS OF FARM RAW MATERIAL PROCESSING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние СВЧ-обработки на распределение фракций крахмала и усвояемость in vitro крахмала красной чечевицы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of Microwave Treatment on Starch Fraction Distribution and In Vitro Digestibility of Red Lentil Starch</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алхамуд</surname><given-names>Алмуса Исраа</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alhamud</surname><given-names>Almusa Israa</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">israa.alhamydalmusa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9532-6131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакуменко</surname><given-names>Олеся Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakumenko</surname><given-names>Olesya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Профессор кафедры биотехнологии и биоорганического синтеза</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oebakumenko@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>676</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алхамуд А.И., Бакуменко О.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алхамуд А.И., Бакуменко О.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alhamud A.I., Bakumenko O.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/676">https://www.spfp-mgupp.ru/jour/article/view/676</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Крахмал - компонент, широко применяемый в пищевой промышленности. Чечевица содержит значительную долю крахмала (приблизительно 44% от углеводов), а её низкий гликемический индекс позволяет рассматривать чечевичный крахмал в качестве ингредиента для продуктов функциональной направленности. Физические методы модификации, в том числе СВЧ-обработка, позволяют целенаправленно изменять структуру крахмала без применения химических веществ и ферментов, что важно для микробиологической чистоты и безопасности продукта.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Авторами изучено влияние режимов СВЧ-обработки (мощность электромагнитных волн, продолжительность, влажность крахмала) на количественное содержание быстроусвояемого, медленноусвояемого и резистентного крахмала в выделенном изоляте чечевичного крахмала; определены режимы, способствующие повышению фракций быстроусвояемого и резистентного крахмала в крахмале чечевицы. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Объектом исследования в работе служил изолированный крахмал, выделенный из семян красной тарельчатой чечевицы. На образцы крахмала воздействовали с помощью СВЧ-излучения при мощностях 280, 460 и 700 Вт, в течении 60, 90 и 120 с, влажность крахмала варьировали от 20 до 30%. Содержание фракций быстроусвояемого, медленноусвояемого и резистентного крахмала определяли в соответствии с модифицированным методом Энглиста.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Установлено, что СВЧ-обработка значимо изменяет профиль усвояемости крахмала. Интенсивные режимы СВЧ-обработки (700 Вт, 120 с) приводили к увеличению доли быстроусвояемого крахмала до 56,88%. При обработке крахмала влажностью 20% в течении 60 с при мощности 460 Вт зафиксировано максимальное содержание резистентного крахмала (58,77%) в исследуемых образцах. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ выявил зависимости между получением быстроусвояемого и резистентного крахмала и режимами СВЧ-обработки (мощностью и продолжительностью обработки). Выявлено, что при интенсивных режимах СВЧ-обработки происходит полная клейстеризация крахмала и увеличивается содержание фракции быстроусвояемого крахмала соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: СВЧ-обработка позволяет целенаправленно регулировать усвояемость чечевичного крахмала. Подбор режимов СВЧ-обработки позволяет выделять фракции быстроусвояемого и резистентного крахмала, что немаловажно для получения продуктов функционального питания, с низким гликемическим индексом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Starch is widely used in the food industry as a functional ingredient; however, its rapid hydrolysis in the small intestine is accompanied by a sharp release of glucose and hampers the development of low-glycemic-index foods. Accordingly, there is growing interest in resistant starch (RS), which in its physiological action is close to dietary fiber. Physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods are used to modify starch digestibility and increase the proportion of RS; however, the behavior of legume starches, in particular red lentil starch, under microwave treatment, as well as the combined effect of its parameters, remains insufficiently studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To establish the patterns by which microwave treatment regimes influence the distribution of starch fractions in red lentil starch, in order to substantiate the conditions for the directed formation of resistant starch and its application in functional foods.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Starch was isolated from red lentil seeds. Samples with an initial moisture content of 10.0 ± 0.2% were subjected to microwave treatment (2450 MHz) while varying the power (280, 460, and 700 W), duration (60, 90, and 120 s), and moisture content (20, 25, and 30%). After treatment, the samples were slowly cooled and held at 4.0 ± 1.0 °C for 48 h to induce retrogradation and the formation of resistant starch. The contents of the rapidly digestible (RDS), slowly digestible (SDS), and resistant (RS) starch fractions were determined by an in vitro enzymatic method. The data were processed using response surface methodology based on a Box–Behnken design with analysis of variance.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Power and treatment duration, as well as their interaction, significantly affected the distribution of the fractions (for RDS, F = 18.94, p &lt; 0.001; for RS, F = 12.87, p &lt; 0.001). The highest RDS content (56.88%) was achieved at a power of 700 W and a duration of 120 s. The SDS content decreased in all treated samples. The maximum RS content (58.77%) was obtained at a power of 460 W, a duration of 60 s, and a sample moisture content of 20%, which corresponds to an approximately 1.6-fold increase in this fraction relative to the native starch (36.6%) (p &lt; 0.001 for the linear effects of power and duration). The effect of moisture content on RDS was moderate (p ≈ 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Microwave treatment is an effective method for the directed modification of starch digestibility: by selecting the appropriate regimes, the content of either resistant or rapidly digestible starch can be increased depending on the intended application. The accumulation of resistant starch under moderate regimes indicates amylose retrogradation with the formation of structures resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis. The results are promising for the development of functional foods. At the same time, further research into the structural mechanisms is required, employing modern methods including X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, together with an assessment of the feasibility of scaling the technology to an industrial level.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чечевичный крахмал</kwd><kwd>СВЧ-обработка</kwd><kwd>резистентный крахмал</kwd><kwd>быстроусвояемый крахмал</kwd><kwd>усвояемость крахмала</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lentil starch</kwd><kwd>microwave treatment</kwd><kwd>resistant starch</kwd><kwd>rapidly digestible starch</kwd><kwd>starch digestibility</kwd><kwd>in vitro digestibility</kwd><kwd>Englyst method</kwd><kwd>Box-Behnken design</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Apostolidis, E., &amp; Mandala, I. (2020). 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