Enzymative Activity of Acinetobacter Radioresistens during Cultivation on Secondary Plant Raw Materials

Introduction: In recent years, there has been a strong focus on reducing and recycling food waste. The rich chemical composition and availability make rapeseed cake and soybean meal promising sources of nutrients. These secondary raw materials can be used for cultivating microorganisms to obtain valuable biologically active compounds and products with high added value.

Purpose: To study the enzymatic activity of the bacterial isolate Acinetobacter radioresistens when cultivated on secondary plant materials, and also to analyze the sugar content and fatty acid composition during the cultivation process.

Materials and Methods: The objects of the study were rapeseed cake, soybean meal and a bacterial isolate of Acinetobacter radioresistens isolated from wheat bran. Cultivation of A. radioresistens on secondary plant materials was carried out by deep method at a hydromodulus of 1:9, temperature (28±1) ℃ and a shaker platform rotation speed of 180 rpm for 6 days. Sampling was carried out on days 1, 2, 3 and 6 of cultivation. In samples of plant-microbial biomass, consisting of fermented samples of rapeseed cake or soybean meal and A. radioresistens cells, the pH (potentiometric method) and fatty acid profile (gas chromatography method) were determined. To determine protein concentration (by the Lowry method), proteolytic and phytase activities (photocolorimetric method), sugar and glucosamine content (by high-performance liquid chromatography), we used the supernatant obtained after centrifugation of plant-microbial biomass at a rotor speed of 8000 rpm for 20 min.

Results: When A. radioresistens was cultivated on rapeseed cake, the activity of alkaline proteases was more pronounced. The maximum proteolytic activity was (133.71±6.69) units/cm3 on day 1 of cultivation. When A. radioresistens was cultivated on soybean meal, the activity of neutral proteases predominated. The maximum proteolytic activity was (121.00±6.05) units/cm3 on the 3rd day of cultivation. In addition to proteolytic activity, the bacterial isolate of A. radioresistens on soybean meal exhibited phytase activity. In the selected culture fluid samples, the content of glucosamine and other sugars was higher when soybean meal was used as a substrate. As a result of the analysis of fatty acid composition, fatty acids with an alkyl chain length from C8 to C24 carbon atoms were identified.

Conclusion: Experimental data obtained from the cultivation of A. radioresistens on secondary plant materials can be used to obtain biologically active compounds and feed products for farm animals, and are also of interest to the processing industry in developing methods for highly efficient processing of plant waste using biotechnological processes.

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