On Technological Qualities of Sugar Beet Affected by Vascular Bacteriosis

Abstract

Technical and economic indices of sugar factories work depend on quality of processed beet. Incorrectness of cultivation agrotechnics and prevalence of foreign hybrids susceptible to local pathogens in sugar beet assortment in combination with unfavorable weather conditions promote large scale development of root system diseases including vascular bacteriosis. It has been revealed that domestic hybrids are more resistant to bacterial wilt in comparison with the foreign ones, average indices of disease frequency of occurrence for them being 11.7 and 21.6 %, accordingly. It has been determined that, as the number of diseased beet roots and degree of their affection in beet mass increases, sugar content is reduced by 0.8-2.3 absolute %, content of reducing substances increases 1.3- to 3.4-fold, and content of alfa-amine nitrogen increases 1.3- to 2.8-fold. Forecasted sugar yield decreases by 1.2-3.9 absolute % and its extraction coefficient is lowered by 3.8-14.5 absolute %. Variants of using beet row material with different degree of bacterial wilt at sugar factories have been suggested. It has been found that, during storage of row material affected by vascular bacteriosis, there is a considerable increase of various non-sugars due to high intensity of metabolic processes of attendant microflora. The bactericidal agents reducing intensity of destructive microbiological processes during beet root storage are presented. The analysis of efficiency of their application has been carried out. It has been determined that, before storage, it is advisable to spray beet with benzoic acid solution of 0.1 % concentration, its consumption being 3.0 % of beet mass.