Determination of the Feasibility of Preliminary Decationization of Plant Raw Materials for Enzymatic Fragmentation of the Protopectin Complex

Introduction: The use of enzyme preparations for processing plant raw materials imposes some restrictions determined by the structure of enzyme molecules and the properties of the medium. One of the main limiting factors is the possible presence of an inhibitor in the medium that suppresses catalytic activity. Polyvalent metal cations can be a potential inhibitor, therefore, determining the expediency of decationization of the medium before enzymatic treatment is relevant.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to develop an approach to determining the feasibility of preliminary decationization of raw materials before the enzymatic process.

Materials and Methods: Non-granulated dry non-massaged beet pulp was used as a substrate. Enzymatic treatment was carried out with a homoenzyme preparation of rhamnogalacturonan lyase action at a concentration of 0.00, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 % by weight of the dry substrate. The pretreatment of the swollen raw materials was carried out by 0.00, 0.20, 0.50 and 0.91 units of 2.87 % aqueous solution of complexon. The response factor was electrical conductivity. The enzymatic process was carried out at a temperature of 45 °C for 8 hours. By approximating the experimental data for each research variant, a mathematical description of the dynamics of the enzymatic process was obtained.

Results: By the nature of the dependence of the inverse kinetic parameters, it was found that within each concentration of the enzyme preparation, the value of the asymptotic rate of the process Vmax = const, and the Michaelis constant Km continuously increases. For a comprehensive assessment of the studied dynamics, a system of criteria was developed, including the criterion of variability of the Michaelis constant Q (Km), the discrete optimality criterion Z, the complex optimality criterion of decationization F and the evaluation criterion Q, accompanied by 4 postulated optimization conditions.

Conclusions: As a result, the developed system of criteria makes it possible to solve three tasks at once – determining the feasibility of pre-decationization, optimal concentrations of complexon and homoenzyme preparation. 

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