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Durability of Seeds and Structural Changes During Storage, Methods of Determining

Abstract

Seeds of cultivated plants are considered to be an important strategic commodity, the control over the quality and turnover of seeds is in the hands of the state in many developed countries. The ability of the seeds to rest under unfavorable conditions of germination allows them to remain for a long period. This allows you to create both insurance seed funds and maintain genetic plant collections. Optimal environmental conditions extend the storage of seeds, which reduces the cost of their re-cultivation. By special storage, the longevity of seeds can be extended 2-4 times. We, the Research Institute of Storage Problems and the FNC Vegetable Growing Institute, are experimenting with the search for optimal natural conditions for long-term seed storage in the permafrost conditions of the Taimyr Peninsula, and the experiment will last until 2050. In another work, together with the staff of the St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, we investigate the change in the internal structure of the different-aged seeds of vegetable crops - tomato and artichoke by the method of microfocus radiography. The method turned out to be informative in this respect, and age-related structural changes on X-ray patterns are clearly seen. It is most effective in alternative analyzes, for example: fresh and old seeds are analyzed. The X-ray method is often indispensable in the rapid analysis of a number of seed indicators, which are reflected in a change in the internal structure. The application of the X-ray method for the analysis of seed quality by introscopic indices (latent insect infestation) is reflected in domestic and international standards and is already widely used. However, it is obvious that in addition to hidden contamination, this method allows to effectively identify a number of other defects and quality indicators of the grains. In the process of automation of this method and numerical evaluation of radiographic indices, it becomes obvious that for a precise, adequate and well-grounded application of this method it is necessary to solve a number of theoretical and practical problems. Further adaptation and improvement of the method with the use of other vegetable crops should give more information about the age-related structural changes in the seeds.

About the Authors

F. B. Musayev
Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetable Growing
Russian Federation


A. V. Soldatenko
Federal Scientific Centre of Vegetable Growing
Russian Federation


S. L. Beletskiy
Scientific Research Institute of Storage Problems Federal Agency of State Reserves
Russian Federation


A. F. Bukharov
All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing - the branch of Federal Scientifi Centre of Vegetable Growing
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Musayev F.B., Soldatenko A.V., Beletskiy S.L., Bukharov A.F. Durability of Seeds and Structural Changes During Storage, Methods of Determining. Storage and Processing of Farm Products. 2018;(2):9-13.

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ISSN 2072-9669 (Print)
ISSN 2658-767X (Online)